1. Who is considered the founder of behaviorism?
- Sigmund Freud
- B.F. Skinner
- John B. Watson
- Ivan Pavlov
Core Theories of Behaviorism: Behavioral Psychology Test
Explore the fundamentals of behavioral psychology with our MCQ exam. Test your knowledge of key concepts, theories and real-world applications. Perfect for students and psychology enthusiasts.
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2. What is the main focus of behaviorism?
- The unconscious mind
- Observable behavior
- Cognitive processes
- Emotional responses
3. Which concept is associated with B.F. Skinner's work in behaviorism?
- Classical conditioning
- Operant conditioning
- Observational learning
- Social learning
4. What is "positive reinforcement" in operant conditioning?
- Decreasing behavior by removing a stimulus
- Strengthening behavior by adding a pleasant stimulus
- Decreasing behavior by adding a stimulus
- Strengthening behavior by removing a stimulus
5. What is the term for a stimulus that naturally triggers a response without conditioning?
- Conditioned stimulus
- Unconditioned stimulus
- Neutral stimulus
- Primary reinforcer
6. Who conducted the "Little Albert" experiment to demonstrate classical conditioning?
- B.F. Skinner
- Albert Bandura
- John B. Watson
- Ivan Pavlov
7. What does "extinction" refer to in classical conditioning?
- The process of pairing stimuli
- The disappearance of a conditioned response after the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus
- The strengthening of a conditioned response
- The reinforcement of behavior
8. Which type of reinforcement schedule is based on providing reinforcement after a variable number of responses?
- Fixed-interval
- Variable-ratio
- Fixed-ratio
- Variable-interval
9. Which term refers to a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus in classical conditioning?
- Unconditioned response
- Conditioned response
- Neutral response
- Unconditioned stimulus
10. Which behaviorist developed the concept of "law of effect"?
- John B. Watson
- B.F. Skinner
- Edward Thorndike
- Albert Bandura
11. What is the "Law of Effect" in behaviorism?
- Behaviors that are followed by satisfying consequences tend to be repeated
- Behavior is determined by unconscious desires
- Behavior is shaped through conditioning
- Behaviors that are punished are more likely to occur again
12. What is "shaping" in operant conditioning?
- Reinforcing behavior through reward and punishment
- Gradually training a behavior by reinforcing successive approximations
- Observing behavior to understand learning
- Modeling behavior through imitation
13. What is "token economy" in behavioral psychology?
- A system where tokens are used as secondary reinforcers to be exchanged for rewards
- A form of classical conditioning involving token rewards
- A system of punishment for undesirable behavior
- A strategy for observing learned behaviors
14. Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
- Giving a treat after a dog performs a trick
- Taking away a student's homework after they behave well
- Giving a student extra homework for poor behavior
- Giving a child a toy as a reward
15. What does "stimulus generalization" mean in classical conditioning?
- A learned response is triggered by stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus
- A stimulus produces a response without any prior conditioning
- A behavior is eliminated due to a lack of reinforcement
- A behavior becomes stronger due to reinforcement
16. What does "stimulus discrimination" refer to?
- The ability to distinguish between different stimuli and respond appropriately
- The process of ignoring irrelevant stimuli
- The association of multiple stimuli with a single response
- The automatic response to any stimulus
17. What is the focus of social learning theory in behavioral psychology?
- Learning through reinforcement and punishment
- Learning by observing and imitating others
- Learning through classical conditioning
- Learning through cognitive processes
18. Who is known for the concept of "observational learning"?
- B.F. Skinner
- Albert Bandura
- John B. Watson
- Sigmund Freud
19. Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning in everyday life?
- A child learning to behave by being rewarded for good actions
- A person feeling anxious when hearing a dentist's drill due to a past experience
- A student learning to study more after receiving good grades
- A dog sitting when given a treat as a reward
20. Which type of conditioning involves the use of reinforcement or punishment to shape behavior?
- Classical conditioning
- Operant conditioning
- Observational learning
- Cognitive learning
21. What is the "variable-interval" reinforcement schedule?
- Reinforcement given after a set amount of time has passed
- Reinforcement given after a random amount of time has passed
- Reinforcement given after a set number of responses
- Reinforcement given after a random number of responses
22. What role does reinforcement play in behaviorism?
- It strengthens or weakens a behavior depending on its consequences
- It helps individuals understand the impact of their actions
- It is only used to increase positive behaviors
- It is used to eliminate unwanted behaviors
23. What does "latent learning" refer to?
- Learning that occurs without reinforcement
- Learning that is actively practiced and observed
- Learning that is immediate and observable
- Learning through punishment and rewards
24. What is "operant extinction"?
- The gradual decrease in a behavior when reinforcement is no longer provided
- The elimination of a behavior through punishment
- The replacement of behavior with new behaviors
- The process of strengthening a behavior over time
25. What is the "fixed-interval" reinforcement schedule?
- Reinforcing behavior after a set number of responses
- Reinforcing behavior after a fixed amount of time
- Reinforcing behavior at random intervals
- Reinforcing behavior after a random number of responses
26. What does "latent learning" mean in the context of behaviorism?
- Learning that is not immediately obvious but can be demonstrated when there is an incentive
- Learning that occurs through direct reinforcement
- Learning that is based on observation alone
- Learning that occurs by associating two stimuli
27. What is the focus of Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
- Reinforcing behaviors through rewards
- Pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response
- Observational learning through social interactions
- Shaping behavior through reinforcement schedules
28. Which concept in behaviorism involves gradually reinforcing small steps towards a desired behavior?
- Modeling
- Shaping
- Observational learning
- Extinction
29. What is "extinction" in operant conditioning?
- The disappearance of a conditioned response when it is no longer reinforced
- The removal of all forms of reinforcement
- The introduction of a new stimulus
- The application of punishment to decrease behavior
30. Who is associated with the concept of "social learning" in behaviorism?
- B.F. Skinner
- John B. Watson
- Albert Bandura
- Ivan Pavlov